Compiled by Sachi Sri Kantha, May 23, 2024
Front Note
This is a revised version of my previous compilation, in three parts. Part I appeared on Nov 16, 2009. Part 2 was posted on Nov 24, 2010, and Part 3 appeared on Nov 27, 2011. Cumulatively, there were 189 items in the three parts. After that compilation, I temporarily stopped compiling LTTE literature for the reason what I had noted on Nov 27, 2011, “When reading the texts of these research-oriented papers, it becomes evident that majority of these are merely labored bone-shifting efforts of language challenged, culture challenged, dimwit academics from one boneyard (grave) to another boneyard. The sources of their original data on the Tamil Tigers are biased as well, such as ‘terrorism expert’ Rohan Gunaratna. The cited so-called ‘LTTE experts’ (D.B.S. Jeyaraj, Rajan Hoole and their ilk), with the exception of Daya Somasundaram, have never published in any peer-reviewed journals which cater to the relevant areas of interest.” still remains true.
Now, more than 12 years have passed by. For this compilation, I’ve updated the list with missing items and included pertinent literature in non-English languages since the 1980s. Please note that ONLY the literature indexed in PubMed and other authentic commercial databases are included. I have updated the entries to year 2023. Excluded items include book reviews, copious literature in newspapers, popular monthly, fortnightly, weekly news magazines (with specific exceptions), and personal web blogs.
Ceylon map of 1796 indicating the Eelam state as the ‘Jaffna Commandment’
INTRODUCTION
In reductive terms, from Tamil perspectives, Velupillai Prabhakaran’s life can be summed up in three sentences. “He had a grief. He had a mission. He had a gift.” His grief was that Sinhalese had stolen the traditional Tamil homeland (Eelam) by deceit and guile. Whatever the 21st century advocates of Sri Lankan state promote, the historical boundaries of the Sinhala country, as it existed in 1796 (prior to the British colonial unification of Sinhalese and Tamil nations), appears in page xiii of Ralph Pieris’s 1956 book, entitled Sinhalese Social Organization (Ceylon University Press Board, Colombo, 311 pages). I provide this page adjacently. Not only Prabhakaran, most Tamils share this grief. Prabhakaran’s only mission in life was to retrieve the stolen Tamil homeland from the Sinhalese. In the 1970s, apart from Prabhakaran, quite a number of his contemporaries also shared this mission. His Sinhalese adversaries were NOT scared of his mission.
I’d say only Prabhakaran had a gift – NOT shared by any other Tamils of his generation. His Sinhalese adversaries were scared of his gift – an unadulterated brain, which outplayed and outwitted four Sinhalese presidents ( J.R. Jaywardene, R. Premadasa, D.B. Wijetunga and Chandrika Kumaratunga) and eleven Sinhalese army commanders (namely, D.S. Attygalle, J.E.D. Perera, T.I. Weerathunga, G.D.G.N. Seneviratne, H. Wanasinghe, L.D.C.E. Waidyaratne, G.H. de Silva, R. de S. Daluwatte, C.W. Weerasooriya, L.P. Balagalle and S.H.S. Kottegoda), not to mention four Indian prime ministers (Indira Gandhi, Rajiv Gandhi, V.P. Singh and Chandrasekhar) and one Indian army commander (Krishnaswamy Sundarrajan [Sundarji]).
Eelam Tamils have seen so many savvy-talking politicans, ‘me too’ militants and turncoats who tinked with the Eelam word as a party tag, as an electioneering slogan for a parliamentary seat, as a brokering mask and as an attention-grabbing tool. But, Prabhakaran was different from Suntharalingams, Amirthalingams, Anandasangarys, Devanandas, Padmanabhas, Perumals and Karunas. For his unadulterated brain, Eelam is NOT a bargaining, bartering item. He wouldn’t bother to compromise on it, and he would not sell it out for a parliamentary seat, or a chief ministership or for an ignominious Sri Lankan Cabinet Minister tag.
As the only academic to author a Prabhakaran biography (Pirabhakaran Phenomenon, 2005), what I present here as a select chronological bibliography provides details on Prabhakaran’s mission and strategic steps. Apart from a few notable exceptions, I have limited this bibliography to research-oriented publications that have appeared in peer-reviewed, international journals; most of which I have bothered to read. Majority of the items are in English, with a few entries in other languages (EXCLUDING Tamil and Sinhala). Rather than arranging the material, in the conventional alphabetical order of authors, I have arranged the bibliography chronologically, so as it may reflect historical development of events from 1976 to 2022.
I do recognize that another bibliographical compilation on LTTE activities circulates in the net. This was prepared by Sri Lanka-born Prof. Michael Roberts (currently residing in Australia). I consider him as a legitimate historian colleague, senior to me. But, he has his peculiar biases (see the list below), and to compensate for his lack of proficiency in the Tamil language, he depends strongly on adulterated (or should I say, dubious) opinion makers among Tamil journalist scribes.
Some caveats have to be mentioned. In my reading, I noted that more than 90 percent of authors of these research papers have been biased on Prabhakaran’s mission and interpretation. The New Oxford American Dictionary (2001) provides a general definition of bias as, ‘prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.’ One of the accepted definitions of bias in the hard sciences is that of Edmund Murphy: ‘Any process at any stage of inference which tends to produce results or conclusions that differ systematically from the truth’ [The Logic of Medicine, John Hopkins Press, Baltimore, 1976].
A short letter of mine was published in the now defunct Asiaweek (Hong Kong) weekly of January 5, 1995. As Prabhakaran’s LTTE group had been unfairly tagged with the ‘terrorist’ label in the 1980s first by the Sri Lankan government and then by the Indian government, Asiaweek published an editorial in late 1994. My published letter (a mangled one at the editorial desk of this magazine) was as follows:
“In my opinion your sermon, ‘The War Against Terrorists, Truth is the best Weapon’ belongs to the world of fairies and angels [‘Keeping the Lid On’, EDITORIALS, Nov 30]. I live in a real world where the truth is always hidden or restrained from revealing its naked beauty.
Truth is massaged and masked by the media in many countries. Truth is also decorated by almost every practicing politician on this globe according to his or her fancy.
It is an open secret that the intelligence services of many countries manufacture or clone truths according to their whims. So you have the alphabet soup of CIA, (formerly the) KGB, MI6, Mossad, RAW and ISI working overtime to manipulate the political, ethnic and religious frictions prevailing in many countries. I find it perplexing that in your sermon, you have not bothered to mention these creators of ‘cloned truths’.”
Ten Identifiable Biases
I provide below a list of ten biases that clutter and confuse the descriptions of Prabhakaran and LTTE. These are as follows:
- Tamil language incompetency bias: with a few exceptions, non-Tamil scholars suffer from this bias seriously.
- Lack of access bias: Those researchers interested and willing to contact the LTTE were marked and harassed by Sri Lankan officials from their entry point in Katunaike airport on.
- Gumshoes’ truth distortion bias: Many of the articles that appeared in the 1980s and 1990s never identified the roles of gumshoes (RAW, ISI, Mossad and even CIA) who influenced the events in Sri Lanka or Chennai.
- Sri Lankan travel visa bias (also tagged as, ‘Now needed’ bias or ‘National Geographic’ bias): This is a variation of ‘Lack of access bias’. Those who specialize in Sri Lankan history have to comply with the dictates of the Sri Lankan bureaucracy for their repeat visits. National Geographic magazine’s coverage has this bias, as it wouldn’t antagonize the officialdom so as not to lose future access to the territory.
- Blinded mule bias (also tagged as human rights barker’s blind angle bias): The blind mule refers to the anecdote described in The Three Princes of Serendip story (that generated the word ‘serendipity’ by Horace Walpole in 1754). where one of the princes after landing in Serendip island discovered a mule blind of the right eye that had traveled the same road, because the grass was eaten only on the left side. Contributions of the self-designated human rights activists (such as Radhika Coomaraswamy, Rajan Hoole and Daya Somasundaram) suffer from this bias.
- Terrorism industry menagerie bias: The word ‘menagerie’ derives from the French word menage (meaning a household or unit of people living together). Ehud Sprinzak, Robert Pape, Kasun Ubayasiri and Harendra de Silva are notable among the authors whose works suffer from this bias. They have gulped most of the material serviced by foremost Sinhalese ‘tainted terrorism expert’ Rohan Gunaratna, and regurgitated the same.
- Unverified/unverifiable garbage bias: Quite a few Sinhalese authors (especially historian Kingsley M de Silva and Rohan Gunaratna) cite privileged sources – such as interviews – that cannot be easily accessed and verified.
- Timid media punditry bias: To overcome the first two biases listed above, authors turn to media punditry (such as local newspapers and magazines) and quote these as authentic sources. Contributions of North American authors such as Bryan Pfaffenberger, Marshal Singer and Bruce Matthews suffer from this bias.
- ‘Me too Expert’ bias: This bias is preferentially seen among the contributions of native Tamil authors, such as Rajan Hoole and Daya Somasundaram.
- Sinhala state-funding bias: This bias can be expected from the publications of academics and medical doctors who are employed in Sri Lankan universities and other institutions receiving their monthly remunerations and research funding. Publications of Shantha Hennayake, Daya Somasundaram and Harendra de Silva suffer from this bias.
Despite these prevalent biases, one should appreciate the contributions of non-Tamil academics (who have bothered to read Tamil literature on the LTTE). Peter Schalk, Mark Whitaker, Margaret Trawick are worthy of note and deserve highlight.
LTTE’s Merits over the Sri Lankan Army
As all know, though the LTTE was militarily defeated by the Sri Lankan army in May 2009, there are two specific issues on which Sri Lankan army could NOT top the LTTE’s record. First, by general consensus, the LTTE outwitted and outperformed the Indian army in its 1987-1990 confrontation. As of now, the Sri Lankan army cannot boast of this record. Secondly, when it comes to the issue of rape in war and violence against women, the LTTE’s record is unblemished, but the record of Sri Lankan army is despicable.
In its January 15th, 2011 issue, the Economist magazine published a three page unsigned commentary ‘War’s overlooked victims’ (pp. 54-56). The Economist, as I have chronicled in the past, has been a biased observer on the LTTE’s record. Thus, in this unsigned commentary, Economist paid a left-handed compliment to LTTE as follows:
“Some groups commit all kinds of other atrocities, but abhor rape. The absence of sexual violence in the Tamil Tigers’ forced displacement of tens of thousands of Muslims from the Jaffna peninsula in 1990 is a case in point. Rape is often part of ethnic cleansing but it was strikingly absent here. Tamil mores prohibit sex between people who are not married and sex across castes (though they are less bothered about marital rape). What is more, Ms. Wood explains, the organisation’s strict internal discipline meant commanders could enforce these judgements.”
The Ms. Wood cited above is Elisabeth Jean Wood, a professor of political science at Yale University. I checked her curriculum vitae sponsored by the Yale University. In it, she states that she has competence in Spanish (fluent speaking and reading proficiency) and Portuguese (fair reading proficiency). But, is she proficient in either Tamil or Sinhalese? Not so, I believe. Here is a typical case of snob bias (an American lady academic and attached to Yale University) perpetrated by the Economist magazine. How dare Ms. Wood pass judgement on Sri Lankan civil war and on the LTTE’s behavior, though in this instance her explanation is favorable to LTTE? It appears to me that Ms. Wood is also ignorant about the delicate Tamil-Muslim political conflict in Sri Lanka’s north and east provinces, since the early 1970s, to be able to pass judgement on the isolated event of 1990 expulsion of Muslims from Jaffna peninsula.
Among another recorded pro-LTTE views following the defeat of the LTTE, I wish to cite a pensive editorial penned by Anthony Marcus, Ananthakrishnan Aiyar and Kirk Dombrowski for the journal Dialectical Anthropology in 2009. For its relevance, I provide below one paragraph from this editorial.
“When it comes to chaos and sheer chutzpah, there is no bourgeoisie that can match the Sinhalese Buddhists of Sri Lanka. With the international community as its enabler, it has recently defeated the national liberation struggle in ‘Tamil Eelam’ (the far northern coastal strip inhabited by Hindu and Christian Sri Lankan Tamils) in one of the most shocking examples of ethnocidal violence that we have seen in years. You do not have to be a Marxist, a third world liberation fighter, or even functionally literate to realize that this imperialist system puts a very low price on the lives of ‘brown people’. So what is really so shocking about Sri Lanka, where the 60-80 thousand who have died really don’t compare much to, for instance ethnocide in Africa, tidal waves in Asia, or the original sin of kidnapping 10 of the first 12 million people to travel to the New World. What we find genuinely shocking is the way that the international community has cheered on the ethnocide, allowing the Sri Lankan state to pose this as an issue of fighting terrorism, rather than as an issue of self-determination. It is the double standard of power. Or as Chomsky observed so many years ago, the emperor and the pirate do the same thing, but the pirate is in the wrong…”
As of May 18, 2024, I have collected 255 items from 1980 to 2023 for this bibliography. Each item is given a three figure tag within parenthesis at the end of each entry.
A recent contributor to anti-LTTE literature is Dr. Malkanthi Hettiarachchi, a protégé of Dr. Rohan Gunaratna [see items 249 and 253 below]. Two weeks ago, I sent her an email soliciting answers to a few questions. These were, as follows:
“Hello Dr. Malkanthi Hettiarachchi,
Greetings from Tokyo. I have been reading a couple of your papers on Sri Lanka’s Tamil Tigers rehabilitation program. And I got this email link of yours, after checking your Macquarie University PhD thesis of 2017.
I have a few questions to you. I’d appreciate if you can respond to the following questions.
-
- Are you fluent in Tamil language – reading, writing and speaking? So as not to mask my identity, I’m a Tamil speaker.
- How did you gather information from the rehabilitation program participants, who were mostly Tamil speaking?
- What was the allocated budget for this Rehabilitation program? I did watch the Youtube presentation of yours, dated Aug 10, 2012. You don’t mention, this vital information for academics like us.
- Is this program still underway (as of 2024 fiscal year), or had been assigned for closure, with the departure of Mahinda Rajapaksa from presidency?
- In the footnote 12 of your 2018 paper, it is mentioned, ‘ The Lakshman Kadirgamar Institute is named after Mr Kadirgamar, a lawyer and statesman of Tamil heritage. He was the Sri Lankan foreign minister when assassinated on 25 August 2005, by an LTTE sniper…’
Malkanthi, are you SURE about this assassination? Has it been proved in a court? If so, will you provide any reference please. You should not provide details, simply based on questionable assumptions.
I look forward to hearing from you.”
To my regret, as of now, I haven’t heard from this lady!
*****
1980
W.I.Siriweera: Recent developments in Sinhala-Tamil relations. Asian Survey, Sept 1980; 20(9): 903-913. [001]
1981
Bryan Pfaffenberger: The cultural dimension of Tamil separatism in Sri Lanka. Asian Survey, Nov 1981; 21(11): 1145-1157. [002]
Shelton U Kodikara: The separatist Eelam movement in Sri Lanka, an overview. India Quarterly (Delhi), 1981; 37(2): 194-212. [003]
1982
Bruce Matthews: District development councils in Sri Lanka. Asian Survey, Nov 1982; 22(11): 1117-1134. [004]
1984
Bryan Pfaffenberger: Fourth world colonialism, indigenous minorities and Tamil separatism in Sri Lanka. Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars, 1984; 16(1): 15-22. [005]
Nancy Murrayj: The state against the Tamils (Ceylon). Race & Class (London), 1984; 26(1): 97-110. [006]
H.A.I. Goonetileke: July 1983 and the national question in Sri Lanka – a bibliographical guide. Race & Class (London), 1984; 26(1): 159-193. [007]
1985
Robert N Kearney: Ethnic conflict and the Tamil separatist movement in Sri Lanka. Asian Survey, 1985; 25(9): 89-917. [008]
Wolfgang E. Mildenberger: Im tunnel des hasses Historisches zum singhalesisch-tamilischen gegensatz.[In the tunnel of hate, historical information on the Sinhala-Tamil conflict]. Schweizer Monatshefte fur Politik (Zurich), 1985; 65(9): 723-729. [009]
Vasundara Mohan: The ethnic tangle in Sri Lanka. Asian Profile (Hongkong), Dec 1985; 13(6): 523-529. [010]
Mohammad Humayun Kabier: Crisis management – a case study of Tamil crisis in Sri Lanka. Regional Studies (Cambridge), 1985; 4(1): 88-103. [011]
Partha S. Ghosh: Ethnic and religious conflicts in South Asia. Conflict Studies (London), 1985; 178: 1-19. [012]
1986
Robert N. Kearney: Sri Lanka in 1985 – the persistence of conflict. Asian Survey, Feb 1986; 26(2): 219-223. [013]
Bruce Matthews: Radical conflict and the rationalization of violence in Sri Lanka. Pacific Affairs, spring 1986; 59(1): 28-44. [014]
Dagmar Hellmann-Rajanayagam: The Tamil Tigers in northern Sri Lanka – origins, factions, programmes. Internationales Asienforum (Cologne), May 1986; 17(1-2): 63-85. [015]
Gabriel Bertinetto: Sul future di Sri Lanka l’ombra della questione tamil [On the future of Sri Lanka, the shadow of the Tamil problem]. Politica Internazionale (Roma), June 1986; 14(6): 12-18 (in Italian) [016]
K.V.Nagarajan: Troubled paradise – ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka. Conflict (New York), 1986; 6(4): 333-353. [017]
1987
Robert N. Kearney: Ethnic conflict and the Tamil separatist movement in Sri Lanka. Asian Survey, Feb 1987; 27(2): 155-162. [018]
Bryan Pfaffenberger: Sri Lanka in 1986 – a nation at the crossroads. Asian Survey, Feb 1987; 27(2): 181-193. [019]
Pierre Morizot: La question Tamoule [The Tamil question]. L’Afrique et l’Asia Modernes (Paris), 1987; no. 152, 60-71. [020]
Penelope Willis: The Tamils – recent events in Sri Lanka. Asian Affairs (London), 1987; 18(2): 176-180. [021]
Lakshmanan Sabaratnam: The boundaries of the state and the state of ethnic boundaries – Sinhala-Tamil relation in Sri Lankan history. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 1987; 10(3): 291-316. [022]
Robert N. Kearney: Territorial elements of Tamil separatism in Sri Lanka. Pacific Affairs (New York), winter 1987-1988; 60(4): 561-577. [023]
1988
Bryan Paffenberger: Sri Lanka in 1987 – Indian intervention and resurgence of the JVP. Asian Survey, Feb 1988; 28(2): 137-147. [024]
- Venkateshwar Rao: Ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka – India’s role and perception. Asian Survey, Apr 1988; 28(4): 419-436. [025]
Kumar Rupesinger: Ethnic conflicts in South Asia – The case of Sri Lanka and the Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF). Journal of Peace Research, Dec 1988; 25(4): 337-350. [026]
Yuri Vinogradov: Conflict in Sri Lanka. International Affairs (Moscow), 1988; 4(4): 68-73. [027]
Dagmar Hellmann-Rajanayagam: The Tamil militants – Before the Accord and After. Pacific Affairs (New York), winter 1988-1989; 61(4): 603-619. [028]
1989
Bruce Matthews: Sri Lanka in 1988 – seeds of the Accord. Asian Survey, Feb 1989; 29(2): 229-235. [029]
Shantha K Hennaayake: The Peace Accord and the Tamils in Sri Lanka. Asian Survey, April 1989; 29(4): 401-415. [030]
Shelton U Kodikara: The continuing crisis in Sri Lanka: The JVP, the Indian troops, and Tamil politics. Asian Survey, July 1989; 29(7): 716-724. [031]
Ray C. Oberst: Political decay in Sri Lanka. Current History, Dec 1989; 88: 425-428 and 448-449. [032]
Dagmar Hellmann-Rajanayagam: Elections and the Tamil crisis in Sri Lanka – results and impacts. Internationales AsienForum (Koln), 1989; 20(3-4): 209-230 [033]
1990
Amita Shastri: The material basis for separation: The Tamil Eelam movement in Sri Lanka. Journal of Asian Studies, Feb 1990; 49(1): 56-77. [034]
Bruce Matthews: Sri Lanka in 1989 – Peril and Good luck. Asian Survey, Feb 1990; 30(2): 144-149. [035]
Bryan Pfaffenberger: The political construction of defensive nationalism: the 1968 temple entry crisis in Northern Sri Lanka. Journal of Asian Studies, Feb 1990; 49(1): 78-96. [036]
Marshall R. Singer: New realities in Sri Lankan politics. Asian Survey, Apr 1990; 30(4): 409-425. [037]
Mark Juergensmeyer: What the Bhikku said; Reflections on the rise of militant religious nationalism. Religion, 1990; 20: 53-75. [038]
1991
Sarath Amunugama: Buddhaputra and Bhumiputra? Dilemmas of modern Sinhala Buddhist monks in relation to ethnic and political conflict. Religion, 1991; 21: 115-139. [039]
Marshall R Singer: Sri Lanka in 1990 – The ethnic strife continues. Asian Survey, Feb 1991; 31(2): 140-145. [040]
Devin T. Hagerty: India’s regional security doctrine. Asian Survey, April 1991; 31(4): 351-363. [041]
Walter K. Anderson: India’s 1991 elections – the uncertain verdict. Asian Survey, Oct 1991; 31(10): 976-989. [042]
Qadri Ismail: Boys will be boys – gender and national agency in Frantz Fanon and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. South Asia Bulletin (Albany, NY), 1991; 11(1-2): 79-83. [043]
1992
Marshall R Singer: Sri Lanka in 1991 – Some surprising twists. Asian Survey, Feb 1992; 32(2): 168-174. [044]
Ray C. Oberst: A war without winners in Sri Lanka. Current History, Mar 1992; 91: 128-131. [045]
Marshall R Singer: Sri Lanka’s Tamil-Sinhalese ethnic conflict – alternative solutions. Asian Survey, 1992; 32(8): 712-722. [046]
Peter Schalk: ‘Birds of Independence’ – On the participation of Tamil women in armed struggle. Lanka, 1992; 7: 44-142. [047]
Shantha K Hennayake: Interactive ethnonationalism – an alternative explanation of minority ethnonationalism. Political Geography, Nov 1992; 11(6): 526-549. [048]
1993
Lisa Morris Grobar and Shiranthi Gnanaselvam: The economic effects of the Sri Lankan civil war. Economic Development and Cultural Change, Jan 1993; 41(2): 395-405. [049]
Shantha K Hennayake: Sri Lanka in 1992 – Opportunity missed in the ethno-nationalist crisis. Asian Survey, Feb 1993; 33(2): 157-164. [050]
1994
Gamini Keerawella and Rohan Samarajiva: Sri Lanka in 1993 – Eruptions and flow. Asian Survey, Feb 1994; 34(2): 168-174. [051]
Peter Schalk: Women fighters of the Liberation Tigers of Tamililam – the martial feminism of Atel Palacinkam. South Asia Research, 1994; 14: 163-183. [052]
S.W.R.de A Samarasinghe: The 1994 parliamentary elections in Sri Lanka – a vote for good governance. Asian Survey, Dec 1994; 34(12): 1019-1034. [053]
D.J. Somasundaram and S. Sivayokan: War trauma in a civilian population. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1994; 165: 524-527. [054]
1995
Gamini Keerawella and Rohan Samarajiva: Sri Lanka in 1994 – a mandate for peace. Asian Survey, Feb 1995; 35(2): 153-159. [055]
Howard B Schaffer: The Sri Lankan elections of 1994 – The Chandrika Factor. Asian Survey, May 1995; 35(5): 409-425. [056]
Bryan Pfaffenberger: The structure of protracted conflict – the case of Sri Lanka. Humboldt Journal of Social Relations, 1995; 20(2): 121-147. [057]
1996
Howard B Schaffer: Sri Lanka in 1995 – a difficult and disappointing year. Asian Survey, Feb 1996; 36(2): 216-223. [058]
Bruce Matthews: Radical conflict and the rationalization of violence in Sri Lanka. Pacific Affairs, spring 1996; 59(1): 28-44. [059]
Michael Roberts: Filial devotion in Tamil culture and the Tiger cult of martyrdom. Contributions to Indian Sociology, July-Dec 1996; 30(2): 245-272. [060]
Marshall R Singer: Sri Lanka’s ethnic conflict – Have bombs shattered hopes for peace. Asian Survey, Nov 1996; 36(11): 1146-1155. [061]
1997
Peter Schalk: Historization of the martial ideology of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, 1997; 20: 1-38.[062]
Peter Schalk: The revival of martyr cults among Ilavar. Temenos, 1997; 33: 151-190. [063]
14 Sri Lankan doctors working in Britain: Sri Lankan refugees are not at risk of persecution. British Medical Journal, Mar 22, 1997; 314: 905. [064]
- Pothalingam: Ethnic cleansing is in progress. British Medical Journal, July 12, 1997; 315: 122-123. [065]
A Sri Lankan born British citizen: Tamils have become soft targets. British Medical Journal, July 12, 1997; 315: 123. [066]
A Sri Lankan working in Britain: Comments are like those of white South Africans ot so long ago. British Medical Journal, July 12, 1997; 315: 123. [067]
Duncan Forrest, Gill Hinshellwood, Michael Peel, Gordon Barclay and Derek Summerfield: Refugee Council’s assessment of human rights situation in Sri Lanka is accurate. British Medical Journal, July 12, 1997; 315: 123. [068]
- Ratneswaran and 99 other Sri Lankan doctors: Government denies legitimate rights of minorities. British Medical Journal, July 12, 1997; 315: 123-124. [069]
- Rajayogeswaran and 11 other Sri Lankan doctors: Tamils are victims of unjust politics, not economic refugees. British Medical Journal, July 12, 1997; 315: 124. [070]
Margaret Trawick: Reasons for violence; a preliminary ethnographic account of the LTTE. South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, sp. Issue 1997; 20: 153-180. [071]
1998
Philip Stevenson: Batticaloa – war surgery continues in Sri Lanka. Lancet, Apr 4, 1998; 351: 1039. [072]
J.D.Rogers, J. Spencer and J Uyangoda: Sri Lanka – political violence and ethnic conflict. American Psychologist, July 1998; 53(7): 771-777. [073]
Kristian Stokke: Sinhalese and Tamil nationalism as post-colonial political projects from ‘above’, 1948-1983. Political Geography, 1998; 17(1): 83-113. [074]
1999
Dagmar Hellmann-Rajanayagam: The conflict in Sri Lanka and its implications for South Asian and regional security. Akademika (Malaysia), Jan 1999; 54: 131-136. [075]
Tessa Bartholomeusz: In defense of Dharma – Just-war ideology in Buddhist Sri Lanka. Journal of Buddhist Ethics, 1999; 6: 1-16. [076]
Tessa Bartholomeusz: Mothers of Buddhas, mothers of nations – Kumaratunga and her meteoric rise to power in Sri Lanka (Prime Minister Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga). Feminist Studies, spring 1999; 25(1): 211-225. [077]
Welsh J: Sri Lanka – torture continues. Lancet, July 31, 1999; 354: 420. [078]
A.J. Christopher: New states in a new millennium. Area, 1999; 31(4): 327-334. [079]
Robin Coningham and Nick Lewer: Paradise lost – the bombing of the Temple of the Tooth; a UNESCO World Heritage site in Sri Lanka. Antiquity, Dec 1999; 73: 857-866. [080]
Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu: Sri Lanka in 1999 – The challenge of peace, governance, and development. Asian Survey, Jan-Feb 2000; 40(1): 219-225. [081]
Lionel Paul: Le Question Tamoule a Sri Lanka. [The Tamil question in Sri Lanka] Guerres modiales et conflits contemporains, Sept 1999, no. 195: 97-114. [082]
2000
Neil DeVotta: Control democracy, institutional decay and the quest for Eelam: Explaining ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka. Pacific Affairs, spring 2000; 73(1): 55-76. [083]
Nithiyanandan: Ethnic politics and Third World development – Some lessons from Sri Lanka’s experience. Third World Quarterly, April 2000; 21(2): 283-311. [084]
Ehud Sprinzak: Rational fanatics. Foreign Policy, Sept-Oct 2000; no. 120: 66-73. [085]
Peter Meade and Jaes Mirocha: Civilian landmine injuries in Sri Lanka. Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection and Critical Care, 2000; 48(4): 735-739. [086]
Jonathan Goodhand, David Hulme and Nick Lewer: Social capital and the political economy of violence: A case study of Sri Lanka. Disasters, 2000; 24(4): 390-406. [087]
Mark Phythian: The illicit arms trade – Cold War and post-Cold War. Crime, Law & Social Change, 2000; 33: 1-52. [088]
2001
Lawrence Saez: Sri Lanka in 2000 – The politics of despair. Asian Survey, Jan-Feb 2001; 41(1): 116-121. [089]
Yamuna Sangarasivam: Researcher, Informant, ‘Assassin’, Me. Geographical Review, Jan-Apr 2001; 91(1/2): 95-104. [090]
Harendra de Silva, Chris Hobbs and Helga Hanks: Conscription of children in armed conflict – a form of child abuse. A study of 19 former child soldiers. Child Abuse Review, 2001; 10: 125-134. [091]
Ananda Abeyesekara: The saffron army, violence, terror(ism): Buddhism, identity and difference in Sri Lanka. Numen, 2001; 48(1): 1-46. [092]
Gyan Pradhan: Economic cost of Sri Lanka’s ethnic conflict. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 2001; 31(3): 375-384. [093]
2002
Bruce Hoffman: A nasty business. Atlantic Monthly, Jan 2002; 289(1): 49-52. [094]
Amitha Shastri: Sri Lanka in 2001 – Year of reversals. Asian Survey, Jan-Feb 2002; 42(1): 177-182. [095]
Silove, Z.Steel, P. McGorry, V. Miles, and J. Drobny: The impact of torture on post-traumatic stress symptoms in war-affected Tamil refugees and immigrants. Comparative Psychiatry, Jan-Feb 2002; 43(1): 49-55. [096]
Kaz de Jong, Maureen Mulhern, Nathan Ford, Isabel Simpson, Alison Swan and Saskia van der Kam: Psychological trauma of the civil war in Sri Lanka. Lancet, Apr 27, 2002; 359: 1517-1518. [097]
Daya Somasundaram: Child soldiers: understanding the context. British Medical Journal, May 26, 2002; 324: 1268-1271. [098]
Kasun Ubayasiri: Internet and media freedom: a study of media censorship in Sri Lanka and the effectiveness of web-based rebel media. Asia Pacific Media Educator, Dec 2002; issue no. 12/13: 62-80. [099]
Basil van Horen: Planning for institutional capacity building in war-torn areas – the case of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. Habitat International, 2002; 26: 113-128. [100]
Basil van Horen: City profile – Colombo. Cities, 2002; 19(3): 217-227. [101]
2003
Amitha Shastri: Sri Lanka in 2002 – Turning the corner? Asian Survey, Jan-Feb 2003; 43(1): 215-221. [102]
Robert A. Pape: The strategic logic of suicide terrorism. American Political Science Review, Aug 2003; 97(3): 343-361. [103]
Stephen C. Berkwitz: Recent trends in Sri Lankan Buddhism. Religion, 2003; 33: 57-71. [104]
Jennifer Hyndman: Aid, conflict and migration – the Canada – Sri Lanka connection. Canadian Geographer, 2003; 47(3): 251-268. [105]
2004
Rajat Ganguly: Sri Lanka’s ethnic conflict – at a crossroad between peace and war. Third World Quarterly, 2004; 25(5): 903-917. [106]
James D Fearon: Why do some civil wars last so much longer than others? Journal of Peace Research, May 2004; 41(3): 225-301. [107]
Mark P. Whitaker: Tamilnet.com: some reflections on popular anthropology, nationalism and the internet. Anthropological Quarterly, summer 2004; 77(3): 469-498. [108]
Peng-Er Lam: Japan’s peace building diplomacy in Sri Lanka. East Asia, summer 2004; 21(2): 3-17. [109]
John La: Forced remittances in Canada’s Tamil enclaves. Peace Review, Sept 2004; 16(3): 379-385. [110]
Simon Harris: Gender, participation and post-conflict planning in Northern Sri Lanka. Gender and Development, 2004; 12(3): 60-69. [111]
Sarah Wayland: Ethnonationalist networks and transnational opportunities – the Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora. Review of International Studies, 2004; 30: 405-426. [112]
Malathi de Alwis: The moral mother syndrome. Indian Journal of Gender Studies, 2004; 11(1): 65-73. [113]
Neloufer de Mel: Body politics – (Re)Cognising the female suicide bomber in Sri Lanka. Indian Journal of Gender Studies, 2004; 11(1): 75-93. [114]
Darini Rajasingham-Senanayake: Between reality and representation – Women’s agency in war and post-conflict Sri Lanka. Cultural Dynamics, 2004; 16(2/3): 141-168. [115]
Radhika Coomaraswamy and Charmaine de los Reyes: Rule by emergency – Sri Lanka’s post colonial constitutional experience. International Journal of Constitutional Law, 2004; 2(2): 272-295. [116]
Alison: Women as agents of political violence – gendering security. Security Dialogue, Dec 2004; 35(4): 447-463. [117]
Oren Yiftachel, As’ad Ghanem: Understanding ‘ethnocratic’ regimes – the politics of seizing contested territories. Political Geography, 2004; 23: 647-676. [118]
2005
Richard Stone: A race to beat the odds. Science, Jan 28, 2005; 307: 502-504. [119]
Neil DeVotta: Sri Lanka in 2004 – Enduring political decay and a failing peace process. Asian Survey, Jan-Feb 2005; 45(1): 98-104. [120]
Yasmine Tambiah: Turncoat bodies – Sexuality and sex work under militarization in Sri Lanka. Gender and Society, Apr 2005; 19(2): 243-261. [121]
Saruban Pasu: In Sri Lanka after tsunami. Journal of Royal Society of Medicine, April 2005; 98: 180. [122]
Sutharsan Nadarajah and Dhananjayan Sriskandarajah: Liberation struggle or terrorism? The politics of naming the LTTE. Third World Quarterly, 2005; 26(1): 87-100. [123]
Tariq Jaazeel: ‘Nature’, nationhood and the poetics of meaning in Ruhuna (Yala) National Park, Sri Lanka. Cultural Geographies, 2005; 12: 199-227. [124]
Culbert: Civil society development versus the peace dividend: International aid in the Wanni. Disasters, March 2005; 29(1): 38-57. [125]
Neil De Votta: From ethnic outbidding to ethnic conflict – the institutional bases for Sri Lanka’s separatist war. Nations and Nationalism, 2005; 11(1): 141-159. [126]
Mia Bloom: Mother, daughter, sister and bomber. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Nov-Dec 2005; 61(6): 54-62. [127]
Margo Kleinfeld: Destabilizing the identity-territory nexus – rights-based discourse in Sri Lanka’s new political geography. Geo Journal, 2005; 64(4): 287-295. [128]
Kanagaratnam, M. Raundalen and A.E. Asbjornsen: Ideological commitment and post-traumatic stress in former Tamil child soldiers. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 2005; 46: 511-520. [129]
Carol Christine Fair: Diaspora involvement in insurgencies – Insights from the Khalistan and Tamil Eelam movements. Nationalism and Ethnic Studies, 2005; 11: 125-156. [130]
2006
Chandra R de Silva: Sri Lanka in 2005 – Continuing political turmoil. Asian Survey, Jan 2006; 46(1): 114-119. [131]
Lotta Harbom, Stina Hogbladh and Peter Wallensteen: Armed conflict and peace agreements. Journal of Peace Research, 2006; 43(5): 617-631. [132]
Pal Kolsto: The sustainability and future of unrecognized quasi-states. Journal of Peace Research, 2006; 43(6): 723-740. [133]
Mark Schaller and A.M.N.D. Abeysinghe: Geeographical frame of reference and dangerous intergroup attitudes: a double-minority study in Sri Lanka. Political Psychology, 2006; 27(4): 615-631. [134]
John Sislin, and Frederic Pearson: Arms and escalation in ethnic conflicts – The case of Sri Lanka. International Studies Perspectives, 2006; 7: 137-158. [135]
Seiji Yamada, Ravindu P. Gunatilake, Timur M. Roytman, Sarath Gunatilake, Thusara Fernando and Lalan Fernando: The Sri Lanka Tsunami experience. Disaster Management and Response, Apr-Jun. 2006; 4(2): 38-48. [136]
Sukanya Podder: Challenges to peace negotiations – the Sri Lankan experience. Strategic Analysis (New Delhi), Jul-Sept. 2006; 30(3): 576-598. [137]
Stokke: Building the Tamil Eelam state: emerging state institutions and forms of governance in LTTE-controlled areas in Sri Lanka. Third World Quarterly, Sept 2006; 27(6): 1021-1040. [138]
Kristine Hoglund, Isak Svensson: ‘Sticking one’s neck out’ – Reducing mistrust in Sri Lanka’s peace negotiations. Negotiation Journal, Oct 2006; pp. 367-387. [139]
Mario Ferrero: Martyrdom contracts. Journal of Conflict Resolution, Dec 2006; 50(6): 855-877. [140]
Ranil Wickremesinghe: Peace process in Sri Lanka. South Asian Survey, 2006; 13(1): 5-15. [141]
2007
Chris Smith: The Eelam endgame? International Affairs, 2007; 83(1): 69-86. [142]
William Mishler, Steven Finkel and Pradeep Peiris: The 2005 Presidential and 2004 Parliamentary elections in Sri Lanka. Electoral Studies, Mar 2007; 26(1): 205-209. [143]
Gamini Samaranayake: Political terrorism of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) in Sri Lanka. South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, Apr 2007; 30(1): 171-183. [144]
Stack-O’Connor: Lions, tigers and freedom birds; how and why the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam employs women. Terrorism and Political Violence, spring 2007; 19(1): 43-63. [145]
Peter Schalk: Caivam – a religion among Tamil speaking refugees from Sri Lanka. Refugee Survey Quarterly, 2007; 26(2): 91-108. [146]
Margaret Harris Cheng: Health and housing after the Indian Ocean Tsunami. Lancet, June 23, 2007; 369: 2066-2068. [147]
Pierre-Emmanuel Ly: The charitable activities of terrorist organizations. Public Choice, 2007; 131: 177-195. [148]
Hutchinson: The systemic roots of suicide bombing. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 2007; 24: 191-200. [149]
Marie Nagai, Abraham Sandirasegaram, Miyoko Okamoto, Etsuko Kita and Atsuko Aoyama: Reconstruction of health service systems in the post-conflict Northern province in Sri Lanka. Health Policy, Sept 2007; 83(1): 84-93. [150]
Michael Roberts: Blunders in Tigerland – Pape’s muddles on ‘suicide bombers’ in Sri Lanka. Heidelberg Papers in South Asian and Comparative Politics, working paper no. 32, Nov 2007; 54 pp. [151]
Michael Roberts: Suicide missions as witnessing: Expansions, contrasts. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 2007; 30: 857-887. [152]
John S. Whitehall: Teaching Tamil Tigers. Medical Journal of Australia, 3-17 Dec 2007; 187 (11/12): 703-705. [153]
Steven Hutchinson and Pat O’Malley: A crime-terror nexus? Thinking on some of the links between terrorism and criminality. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, Dec 2007; 30(12): 1095-1107. [154]
2008
Sonia Neela Das: Between convergence and divergence – Reformatting language purism in the Montreal Tamil diaspora. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology, 2008; 18(1): 1-23. [155]
Eli Berman and David D. Laitin: Religion, terrorism and public goods – testing the club model. Journal of Public Economics, 2008; 92: 1942-1967. [156]
Cathrine Brun: Birds of Freedom – Young people, the LTTE, and representations of gender, nationalism, and governance in northern Sri Lanka. Critical Asian Studies, 2008; 40(3): 399-422. [157]
Shawn Teresa Flanigan: Nonprofit service provision by: The cases of Hizbullah and the Tamil Tigers. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 2008; 31(6): 499-519. [158]
K.N.Ruwanpura: Temporality of disasters – The politics of women’s livelihoods ‘After’ the tsunami in Sri Lanka. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 2008; 29(3): 325-340. [159]
Sepali Kottegoda, Kumudini Samuel and Sarala Emmanuel: Reproductive health concerns in six conflict-affected areas of Sri Lanka. Reproductive Health Matters, 2008; 16(31): 75-82. [160]
Deirdre McConnell: The Tamil people’s right to self determination. Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 2008; 21(1): 59-76. [161]
Shiamala Suntharalingam: Health as a weapon of war? British Medical Journal, June 13, 2008; 338: 1448. [162]
Anna Ramirez: A la carte Torture – Maybe a car bomb. Anthropology Today, June 2008; 24(3): 20-21. [163]
Michael Roberts: Tamil Tigers – sacrificial symbolism and ‘dead body politics’. Anthropology Today, June 2008; 24(3): 22-23. [164]
Yik Koon The: The abuses and offences committed during the Tsunami crisis. Asian Criminology, 2008; 3: 201-211. [165]
Nira Wickramasinghe: Sri Lanka in 2007 – Military successes, but at humanitarian and economic costs. Asian Survey, 2008; 48(1): 191-197. [166]
Peter Schalk: The Tigers abroad – How the LTTE diaspora supports the conflict in Sri Lanka. Georgetown Journal of International Affairs, summer-fall 2008; 9(2): 97-104. [167]
A.R.M. Imtiaz and Ben Stavis: Ethno-political conflict in Sri Lanka. Journal of Third World Studies, Fall 2008; 25(2): 135-152. [168]
Camilla Orjuela: Distant warriors, distant peace workers? Multiple diaspora roles in Sri Lanka’s violent conflict. Global Networks, 2008; 8(4): 436-452. [169]
Dagmar Hellmann-Rajanayagam: From RPGs to MoUs – The LTTE and the media. Perceptions of a ‘Terrorist’ movement among the Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora. Diaspora Studies (New Delhi), 2008; 1(2): 85-104. [170]
Mohanasundaram: TamilNadu and LTTE – changing trends in ethnic relationship. Proceedings of Indian History Congress, 2008; 69: 1161-1168. [171]
2009
Mayilvaganan: Is it endgame for LTTE? Strategic Analysis (New Delhi), Jan 2009; 33(1): 25-39. [172]
Nira Wickramasinghe: Sri Lanka in 2008 – Waging war for peace. Asian Survey, Jan-Feb. 2009; 49(1): 59-65. [173]
Ben Bland: Hospital is caught in crossfire in Sri Lanka’s northern war zone. British Medical Journal, Feb 7, 2009; 338: 319. [174]
Neloufer de Mel: Gendering the new security paradigm in Sri Lanka. IDS Bulletin – Institute of Development Studies, Mar 2009; 40(2): 36-43. [175]
Oliver Johnson, Anenta Ratneswaren, Fenella Beynon: Humanitarian crisis in Vanni, Sri Lanka. Lancet, Mar 7, 2009; 373: 809-810. [176]
Suneth Agampodi: Humanitarian crisis in Vanni, Sri Lanka. Lancet, Apr 25, 2009; 373: 1427. [177]
Jane Derges: Eloquent bodies – Conflict and ritual in northern Sri Lanka. Anthropology & Medicine, Apr 2009; 16(1): 27-36. [178]
Anonymous editorial: Medical emergency in Sri Lanka. Lancet Apr 25, 2009; 373: 1399. [179]
Anonymous: Sri Lanka’s twin humanitarian crises. Lancet, May 16, 2009; 373: 1667-1668. [180]
Anonymous: End of civil war. Economic and Political Weekly, May 30-Jun 5, 2009; 44(22): 5-6. [181]
Manohari Velamati: Political activism of the Tamil Diaspora in the West – The battle outside Sri Lanka. Indian Foreign Affairs Journal, Apr-Jun 2009; 4(2): 113-128. [182]
Hector N Qirko: Altruism in suicide terror organizations. Zygon, June 2009; 44(2): 289-322. [183]
Mahinda Kommalage and Pasan Hewawasam: Sri Lanka – the aftermath. Lancet, Jul 11, 2009; 374: 116-117. [184]
Chandrika Jayasinghe: Sri Lanka – the aftermath. Lancet, Jul 11, 2009; 374: 117. [185]
Tharani Nitkunan and Arani Nitkunan: Sri Lanka – the aftermath. Lancet, Jul 11, 2009; 374: 117. [186]
Nihal Jayasinghe: A misrepresentation of reality. British Medical Journal, July 25, 2009; 339: 188. [187]
Bobby Sundaralingam: Confirmation of my experience. British Medical Journal, July 25, 2009; 339: 188. [188]
Eva Gerharz: Zwischen Krieg und Frieden – Die Tamil Tigers und ihre Diaspora als Konfliktpartei und Entwicklungsakteur [Between War and Peace – The Tamil Tigers and their diaspora]. Sociologus, 2009; 59(1): 33-49. (text in German, with summary in English) [189]
Jennifer Hyndman: Acts of Aid – Neoliberalism in a war zone. Antipode, 2009; 41(5): 867-889. [190]
M.W.Amarasiri de Silva: Ethnicity, politics and inequality – post-tsunami humanitarian aid delivery in Ampara district, Sri Lanka. Disasters, 2009; 33(2): 253-273. [191]
Kanchana N Ruwanpura: Putting houses in place – rebuilding communities in post-tsunami Sri Lanka. Disasters, 2009; 33(3): 436-456. [192]
Manohari Velamati: Sri Lankan Tamil migration and settlement – Time for reconsideration. India Quarterly, Jul-Sept 2009; 65(3): 271-294. [193]
Charu Latha Hogg: Army takes over. World Today (London), Aug/Sept 2009; 65 (issue 8/9): 18-19. [194]
Kyle Beardsley and Brian McQuinn: Rebel groups as predatory organizations – The political effects of the 2004 Tsunami in Indonesia and Sri Lanka. Journal of Conflict Resolution, Aug 2009; 53(4): 624-645. [195]
S.H. Hasbullah and B. Korf: Muslim geographies and the politics of purification in Sri Lanka ‘after’ the tsunami. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 2009; 30(2): 248-264. [196]
Thomas Elbert, Maggie Schauer, Elisabeth Schauer, Bianca Huschka, Michael Hirth and Frank Neuner: Trauma-related impairment in children – a survey in Sri Lankan provinces affected by armed conflict. Child Abuse & Neglect, 2009; 33: 238-246. [197]
Neil De Votta: The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam and the lost quest for separatism in Sri Lanka. Asian Survey, Nov-Dec. 2009; 49(6): 1021-1051. [198]
Stokke: Crafting liberal peace? International peace promotion and the contextual politics of peace in Sri Lanka. Annals of Association of American Geographers, Dec 2009; 99(5): 932-939. [199]
Marta Biand Erdal and Kristian Stokke: Contributing to development? Transnational activities among Tamils in Norway. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 2009; 18(3): 397-418. [200]
Anthony Marcus, Ananthakrishnan Aiyer and Kirk Dombrowski: Editorial – Chaos in South Asia. Dialectical Anthropology, 2009; 33(3-4): 219-224. [201]
Jannie Lilja: Trapping constituents or winning hearts and minds? Rebel strategies to attain constituent support in Sri Lanka. Terrorism and Political Violence, 2009; 21(2): 306-326. [202]
Tudor Kalinga Silva: ‘Tsunami Third Wave’ and the politics of disaster management in Sri Lanka. Norwegian Journal of Geography, 2009; 63(1): 61-72. [203]
Dagmar Hellmann-Rajanayagam: Drawing in Treacle – Mediation efforts in Sri Lanka, 1983-2007. Internationales Asienforum, 2009; 40(1-2): 59-96. [204]
2010
Leonard S. Rubenstein and Melanie D Bittle: Responsibility for protection of medical workers and facilities in armed conflict. Lancet, Jan 23, 2010; 375: 329-340. [205]
Asoka Bandarage: Women, armed conflict and peace making in Sri Lanka – Toward a political economy perspective. Asian Politics & Policy, 2010; 2(4): 653-667. [206]
Daniel Byman and Sarah E. Kreps: Agents of destruction? Applying principal-agent analysis to state sponsored terrorism. International Studies Perspectives, 2010; 11: 1-18. [207]
Christopher J. Coyne, Gregory M Dempster and Justin P Isaacs: Asset values and the sustainability of peace prospects. Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 2010; 50: 146-156. [208]
Jayadeva Uyangoda: Sri Lanka in 2009 – From civil war to political uncertainities. Asian Survey, Jan-Feb 2010; 50(1): 104-111. [209]
David Hayes: Duty and service – Life and career of a Tamil teacher of English in Sri Lanka. TESOL Quarterly, Mar 2010; 44(1): 58-83. [210]
B.R. Taira, M.N. Cherian, H. Yakandawala, R. Kesavan, S.M.Samarage and M. De Silva: Survey of emergency and surgical capacity in the conflict-affected regions of Sri Lanka. World Journal of Surgery, Mar 2010; 34(3): 428-432. [211]
Ahilan Kadirgamar: Classes, states and the politics of the Tamil diaspora. Economic and Political Weekly, July 31-Aug.6, 2010; 45(31): 23-26. [212]
Michael Roberts: Killing Rajiv Gandhi – Dhanu’s sacrificial metamorphosis in death. South Asian History and Culture, 2010; 1: 25-41. [213]
Maya Ranganathan: Experiencing eelam.com – terror online. South Asian History and Culture, 2010; 1: 71-85. [214]
Benedict Korf, Shahul Hasbullah, Pia Hollenbach and Bart Klem: The gift of disaster – the commodification of good intentions in post-tsunami Sri Lanka. Disasters, 2010; 34(s1): s60-s77. [215]
Daya Somasundaram: Suicide bombers of Sri Lanka. Asian Journal of Social Science, 2010; 38(3): 416-441. [216]
Daya Somasundaram: Collective trauma in the Vanni – a qualitative inquiry into the mental health of the internally displaced due to the civil war in Sri Lanka. International Journal of Mental Systems, 2010; 4: 22, pp. 1-31. [217]
Maria Steinbauer: Sri Lanka – a year after war; psychological-psychiatric treatment in Sri Lanka. Psychiattrie & Psychotherapie, 2010; 6(4): 230-235 (text in German, with an English summary). [218]
Luxshi Vimalarajah and R. Cheran: Empowering diasporas – The dynamics of post-war Transnational Tamil politics. Berghof Occasional Paper (Berlin), no. 31, 2010, 39 pp. [219]
2011
Dennis B. McGilvray: Sri Lankan Muslims – between ethno-nationalism and the global ummah. Nations and Nationalism, Jan 2011; 17(1): 45-64. [220]
James D. Fearon and David D. Laitin: Sons of the soil, migrants and civil war. World Development, 2011; 39(2): 199-211. [221]
Neavis Morais, Mokbul Morshed Ahmad: NGO-led microfinance – potentials and challenges in conflict areas. Journal of International Development, 2011; 23: 629-640. [222]
Kristine Hoglund and Isak Svensson: Schizophrenic soothers – the international community and contrast strategies for peace making in Sri Lanka. Cooperation and Conflict, June 2011; 46(2): 166-184. [223]
Jannie Lilja: Ripening within? Strategees used by rebel negotiators to end ethnic war. Negotiation Journal, July 2011; pp. 311-342. [224]
A.R.M. Imtiaz and S.R.H. Hoole: Some critical notes on the non-Tamil identity of the Muslims of Sri Lanka and on Tamil-Muslim relations. South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, n.s. Aug 2011; 34(2): 208-231. [225]
Matthew Lange: Social welfare and ethnic warfare – exploring the impact of education on ethnic violence. Studies in Comparative International Development, 4 Nov 2011 (online version doi 10.1007/s12116-011-9095-y). [226]
Eugene Guribye: ‘No God and no Norway’ – collective resource loss among members of Tamil NGO’s in Norway during and after the last phase of the civil war in Sri Lanka. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 2011; 5: 18 (12 pages). [227]
Kristine Hoglund and Isak Svensson: Should I stay or should I go? Termination as a tactic and Norwegian mediation in Sri Lanka. Negotiation and Conflict Management Research, 2011; 4(1): 12-32. [228]
Rene M. Bakker, Jorg Raab, H. Brinton Milward: A preliminary theory of dark network resilience. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 2011, 30 pp. (doi: 10.1002/pam.20619) [229]
2012
Nadisha Sirisena: The UNHRC Resolution on Sri Lanka – Politics and ground realities. Counter Terrorist Trends and Analyses, Apr 2012; 4(4): 8-10. [230]
Ann R. David: Embodied migration – Performance practices of diasporic Sri Lankan Tamil communities in London. Journal of Intercultural Studies, Aug 2012; 33(4): 375-394. [231]
2013
Nimmi Gowrinathan: Inside camps, Outside battliefields – Security and survival for Tamil women. St. Anthony’s International Review, May 2013; 9(1): 11-32. [232]
Srimal Fernando: The Madras Café protests – Eelamism marches on. Counter Terrorisst Trends and Analyses, Oct 2013; 5(10): 13-15. [233]
Iromi Dharmawardhane: Sri Lanka’s post-conflict strategy: Restorative justice for rebels and rebuilding of conflict-affected communities. Perspectives on Terrorism, Dec 2013; 7(6): 27-57. [234]
Daphne Jeyapal: ‘Since when did we have 100,000 Tamils’ Media representations of race thinking, spatiality, and the 2009 Tamil diaspora protests. Canadian Journal of Sociology, 2013; 38(4): 557-578. [235]
Theodore A. Fernando: The power of cartoons – Depicting the political images of Mahinda Rajapakse and Sarath Fonseka as presidential candidates. Media Asia, 2013; 40(3): 231-243. [236]
James Barnes: Making torture possible – The Sri Lankan conflict, 2006-2009. Journal of South Asian Development, 2013; 8(3): 333-358. [237]
Malkanthi Hettiarachchi: Sri Lanka’s rehabilitation program – a new frontier in Counter Terrorism and Counter Insurgency. PRISM (a journal of the Center for Complex Operations), National Defense University, Washington DC, 2013; 4(2): 105-121. [238]
2014
Editorial: Human rights violations in Sri Lanka. Lancet, May 10, 2014; 383: 1610. [239]
Talha Khan Burki: Sri Lanka – 5 years on. Lancet, May 10, 2014; 383: 1623-1624. [240]
Sharika Thiranagama: Making Tigers from Tamils – Long distance nationalism and Sri Lankan Tamils in Toronto. American Anthropologist, June 2014; 116(2): 265-278. [241]
Jo C Armstrong, Brooke E Nichols, Joan M. Wilson, Roy A. Cosico and Leslie Shanks: Spinal cord injury in the emergency content – review of program outcomes of a spinal cord injury rehabilitation program in Sri Lanka. Conflict and Health, 2014; 8:4. doi:10.1186/1752-1505-8-4. [242]
Monica Hess and Benedik T Korf: Tamil diaspora and the political spaces of second generation activism in Switzerland. Global Networks, 2014; 14(4): 419-437. [243]
2016
Kathleen Turner: The rise of female suicide bombers. Counter Terrorist Trends and Analyses, Mar 2016; 8(3): 15-19. [244]
Chris McCall: Sri Lanka’s war wounds run deep. Lancet, May 14, 2016; 387: 1986. [245]
Miriam George, Anita Vaillancourt and S. Irudaya Rajan: Sri Lankan Tamil refugees in India – Conceptual framework of repatriation success. Refuge, 2016; 32(3): 73-83. [246]
2017
Nimmi Gowrinathan: The committed female fighter – the political identities of Tamil women in the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. International Feminist Journal of Politics, 2017; 19(3): 327-341. [247]
Kalyani Thurairajah: The case of the Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora and homeland – a shared ethnic identity. Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism, 2017; 17(1): 115-132. [248]
2018
Malkanthi Hettiarachchi: Rehabilitation to deradicalise detainees and inmates – a counter-terrorism strategy. Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism, 2018; 13(2): 267-283. [249]
2020
Sanghamitra Mookherjee: Love Marriage – Women in Sri Lankan civil war. Journal of Women’s Studies, Dec 2020; 9: 43-50. [250]
Takeshi Aida: Revisiting suicide rate during war time – Evidence from the Sri Lankan civil war. PLoS ONE 2020; 15(10): e0240487. [251]
2021
Rachel Seoighe: Reimagining narratives of resistance: memory work in the London Tamil diaspora. State Crime Journal, 2021; 9(2): 169-195. [252]
Angel Gomez, Mercedes Martinez, Francois Alexi Martel, Lucia Lopez-Rodriguez, Alexandra Vazquez, Juana Chinchilla, Borja Parades, Mal Hettiarachchi, Nafees Hamid and William B. Swan: Why people enter and embrace violent groups. Frontiers in Psychology, Jan 7, 2021; 11: 614657. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.614657. [253]
2022
William Affleck, Umaharan Thamotharampillai and Devon Hinton: Walking Corpse syndrome –a trauma-related idiom of distress amongst Sri Lankan Tamils. Transcultural Psychiatry, 2022; 59(4): 448-460. [254]
2023
A.R.M. Imtiaz and Amjad Mohamed Saleem: Some critical notes on Sri Lankan Muslim religious identity formation, conservatism and violent extremism. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 2023; 58(3): 438-451. [255]